Migraine is a neurological condition that causes severe headaches, usually on one side of the head, nausea, and extreme sensitivity. This condition likely gets worse with factors like physical activity, light, sounds, or smell. The triggers, severity, symptoms, and frequency of a migraine vary in different people; it can also either be acute or chronic. Read on to learn everything about the condition: its causes, signs and symptoms, and remedies.
Migraine signs and symptoms
The signs and symptoms of a migraine may appear one or two days before the headache. Here are some typical signs of the condition’s onset:
Headache
The headache is described as a pounding or throbbing pain. It begins as a mild ache that develops into a moderate or severe degree of pain, which then shifts from one side to the other of the head.
Problems with vision
Migraines can result in visual disturbances, such as blind spots or blurry vision.
Numbness
You may feel a tingling sensation in the face, arms, or legs.
Sensitive to light, sound, and smell
People suffering from migraine are often bothered by light, noise, or odors.
Depression or irritability
This symptom occurs hours before the headache starts and may last even after the pain is gone. This condition is called a migraine hangover.
Neck pain
Alongside a headache, there might be nausea or vomiting in some people.
Migraine attacks usually last for at least four hours. If not treated, it can extend to 72 hours or a week.
Migraine causes
Though researchers have not yet identified a definitive cause for migraine, it is believed that it occurs when specific nerves signal pain to the brain, resulting in the dilation of blood vessels, which leads to inflammation and pain. While migraines may be genetic, they can also be triggered by the following factors:
Hormonal changes
Hormonal changes during menstruation may trigger migraines in women.
Emotional changes
The release of certain chemicals from the brain due to stress, anxiety, or depression can lead to migraine.
Foods
Consuming foods that contain nitrates, MSG, and tyramine, such as hot dogs, aged cheeses, and soy products can trigger migraine.
Environmental factors
Weather changes, bright lights, loud noises, and strong smells may be responsible for migraines in some people.
Changes in sleep patterns or levels
Sleep deprivation or changes in normal sleep patterns can also provoke migraines.
Physical factors
Strenuous physical activity or overexertion can prompt a migraine.
Migraine treatment
There is no known cure for migraines but treatments are available to control the symptoms. Natural methods can also help reduce the effects and also prevent migraine episodes. Some of the migraine remedies include:
Making healthy food choices
People with migraine should consume plenty of fruits, vegetables, healthy fats, and lean proteins. Some of the foods to help with migraine include magnesium-rich foods, such as spinach, cabbage, broccoli, kale, and collard greens, healthy fats, and omega-3 fatty acids containing salmon and mackerel.
Using essential oils
Inhaling or applying essential oils such as lavender, peppermint, chamomile, or basil can also help ease migraine pain. While applying any of these, make sure to always dilute it with a carrier oil.
Trying acupressure
Migraine pain can be alleviated by applying pressure to specific parts of the body, such as the ears, hands, feet, face, and neck.
Conclusion
Migraine episodes can have a significant impact on the daily life of a person. People who have frequent or severe pain should consult their healthcare provider. Migraines cannot be prevented, but by identifying and avoiding triggers, people can reduce its severity and frequency.
