Psoriasis is a condition that causes skin inflammations, resulting in flaky and itchy patches. It can have varying effects; some may notice symptoms in specific areas, like the scalp and arms, while others may see signs throughout the body. Although it is a chronic condition, today, one can find a variety of treatment options to control and manage the symptoms. Further, recognizing the early signs of the condition can help one get a timely diagnosis.

Signs
While the condition can have varying effects, recognizing some of the common symptoms of psoriasis can help one seek an early diagnosis and appropriate treatment for psoriasis. Here are a few common signs of the condition:

Dry and cracked skin: Psoriasis can make the skin become scaly and dry, which can also cause pain.

Itching: Itching is a common symptom here that is worsened by scratching.

Changes in nails: One may observe changes like discoloration and pits in nails when dealing with psoriasis.

Inflammation and red patches: Red, tender skin around the knees, elbows, and back are common psoriasis signs.

Joint pain: One may be dealing with psoriatic arthritis, which causes joint stiffness and pain.

Causes
Research suggests changes in the immune system and genes can make the white blood cells attack the skin cells, leading to excessively rapid production of skin cells. This results in psoriasis, where the cell build-up manifests as scaly patches causing discomfort. So, psoriasis is an autoimmune disease. It may run in the family, and people with a particular gene are more susceptible to psoriasis. Further, factors like stress, injury or cuts to the skin, and dry weather are potential triggers for the condition.

Types
Psoriasis can be categorized into the following types based on the area it affects and its symptoms.:

Plaque psoriasis: This can usually affect the whole body and causes scale-like plaques.

Guttate psoriasis: This type affects the back and limbs, leading to red spots on the skin.

Pustular psoriasis: This is characterized by the formation of white blisters filled with pus over red or inflamed skin throughout the body.

Scalp psoriasis: Here, one may notice white flakes on the scalp.

Nail psoriasis: This type affects fingernails and toenails, leading to changes in their color and strength.

Management options
While psoriasis is a chronic condition, treatment options aim to control skin cell growth and prevent flare-ups. Sometimes healthcare professionals recommend topical options to deal with the milder cases of psoriasis. They may prescribe ointment, creams, foam, or oils to be applied to the affected areas. However, these may not be long-term treatment options. Using shampoos containing salicylic acid can help one deal with scalp psoriasis signs. Additionally, shampoos and creams containing coal tar may help relieve scaling and itching. Light therapy is another common option; it involves controlled exposure to artificial light to treat mild and severe psoriasis. Some professionals recommend the application of aloe extract creams and taking fish oil supplements along with a regular course of treatment.

However, one should consult a doctor before choosing any remedy for the condition.