The sense of hearing is a key aspect of a newborn’s development, enabling them to connect with the world around them and establish critical language and communication skills. So, identifying potential hearing issues in time is essential for ensuring optimal development in children. Newborn hearing screening is a simple and effective way to detect hearing loss at an early stage, providing numerous benefits that can significantly impact a child’s future.
Purpose
Newborn hearing screening is a non-invasive and painless procedure that aims to identify hearing problems shortly after birth. It is a critical step for providing early intervention, as prompt detection and treatment of hearing issues can prevent developmental delays and speech or language difficulties.
Types of tests
The hearing test for newborns can be conducted using either or both of the following two methods:
Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) test: This test assesses the function of the cochlea, the part of the inner ear responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals. During the OAE test, a tiny earphone is placed in the baby’s ear to emit sound while a microphone measures the response from the cochlea.
Auditory brainstem response (ABR) test: The ABR test evaluates the auditory nerve and the brain’s response to sound. Electrodes are placed on the newborn’s head and ears, and clicking sounds are played through earphones. The brain’s response to these sounds is recorded, helping identify any potential hearing issues.
Benefits
Early detection: Newborn hearing screening enables the identification of hearing issues in the first few days or weeks of life. Early detection allows for timely intervention and support, which can significantly impact a child’s language and communication development.
Timely intervention: If hearing issues are detected, intervention and appropriate treatment can be initiated in time. Audiologists may recommend hearing aids, cochlear implants, or speech and language therapy, depending on the severity of the hearing loss.
Psychological and emotional benefits: Early identification and intervention not only benefit language development but also have positive psychological and emotional effects on the family. Knowing about any hearing issues allows parents to prepare themselves and provide the necessary support for their child’s unique needs.
Enhanced social and academic success: Timely intervention based on the results of hearing tests for newborns sets the foundation for a child’s academic and social success. Healthy hearing facilitates language acquisition and communication, which are crucial for educational achievement and building meaningful relationships with peers.
Improved quality of life: Healthy hearing capabilities enhance the overall quality of life, enabling the child to actively engage with their environment and develop a sense of belonging within their family and community.
Babies should be tested for hearing loss within one month after birth. The test is a powerful tool in ensuring the healthy development of a child’s hearing abilities. Further, by identifying hearing issues early on, parents and healthcare professionals can offer appropriate treatments, setting the stage for optimal development of language and communication skills. Early detection not only benefits the child but also provides emotional support and peace of mind for the families.
