Bone cancer is a health condition affecting one’s skeletal system. It occurs when abnormal cells uncontrollably multiply within the bones, leading to persistent pain, swelling, frequent fractures, and other complications. This condition can affect any individual, but it is most often diagnosed among younger people. The pelvic bones or the long bones in the arms are more prone to this type of cancer. Keep reading to learn about bone cancer, its symptoms, causes, and treatments.
Bone cancer
Bone cancer is a condition characterized by the abnormal multiplying of cells within the bone tissue. Unlike cancers originating in other parts of the body and spreading to the bones, bone cancer specifically starts within the bones.
Types of bone cancer
Osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent type of bone cancer. It typically originates in the long bones of the arms and legs, often near the knee. Swelling and localized bone pain are common symptoms.
Chondrosarcoma
Chondrosarcoma arises from the cartilage cells that provide cushioning to the joints. It commonly manifests in the pelvis, upper leg, and shoulder areas. A growing lump and increased pain are the common warning signs of this form of bone cancer.
Ewing Sarcoma
This form of bone cancer primarily affects children and young adults. It typically develops in the pelvis, legs, or arms. Some warning signs include bone pain, tenderness, and in rare cases, fractures.
Common signs and symptoms
Some common symptoms and warning signs of bone cancer are listed below.
- Persistent bone pain
- Swelling and tenderness near the affected area
- Weakened bones that lead to fractures
- Fatigue and unexplained body mass loss
- Limited mobility and difficulty in performing daily activities
Causes and risk factors
The exact cause of bone cancer is unknown, but certain factors may increase the risk of developing the condition. These include-
- Family history
- Previous radiation exposure
- Paget’s disease of the bone
- Certain inherited syndromes
- Prior history of bone disorders
Treatment
Treatment for bone cancer depends on many factors, including the type of the condition, its progress, and the patient’s general health.
Surgery
Surgery plays a crucial role in bone cancer treatment. It involves the surgical removal of the tumor along with the surrounding healthy tissues.
Radiation therapy
Radiation therapy employs high-energy beams to eliminate cancer cells and reduce the size of tumors. This treatment approach is frequently advised before or after surgery to eradicate any remaining cancer cells and minimize the chances of cancer reoccurrence.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is a treatment method that utilizes potent remedies to eliminate cancer cells present in the entire body effectively.
Targeted therapy
Targeted therapy employs substances to precisely target and eliminate specific cancer cells. This treatment centers around specific genes or proteins that contribute to cancerous growth.
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy assists the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells. By improving the immune response, it helps the body identify and eliminate malignant cells.
Bone cancer is a severe condition that demands early diagnosis and proper treatment. If left untreated, primary bone cancer can spread to other body parts. Therefore, it is important to understand the symptoms, causes, warning signs, risk factors, and necessary treatment options for individuals to actively work toward prevention and efficient control of this condition.
