Nail psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the nails, causing changes in their appearance and texture. It is a subtype of psoriasis – a skin disorder characterized by abnormal immune system activity. Understanding the symptoms, causes, signs, and available treatment approaches for nail psoriasis is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management. Keep reading to learn more about nail psoriasis, its symptoms, causes, and available treatment options to manage the condition.

Symptoms and warning signs

Nail psoriasis can manifest with a range of symptoms, which may vary in severity from person to person. Some common symptoms are listed below.

• Pitting – Formation of small depressions or pits on the surface of the nails
• Discoloration – Nails may turn yellowish-brown, develop white spots, or appear as oil spots on the nail bed.
• Nail thickening – Nails may thicken and become raised or lose their natural shape.
• Nail crumbling- Nails can become brittle and start to crumble or break easily.
• Nail separation- Separation of the nail from the nail bed, leading to pain or discomfort.
• Splinter hemorrhages – Tiny red or brown lines that appear vertically under the nails.
• Onycholysis – Lifting or detachment of the nail plate from the underlying nail bed.

Recognizing these symptoms can help individuals seek a diagnosis from a healthcare professional and receive timely treatment. Diagnosing nail psoriasis involves a thorough examination by a dermatologist or healthcare professional. Warning signs indicating the presence of nail psoriasis include-

• Visible nail changes- Discoloration, thickening, crumbling, dents, or separation of the nails
• Accompanying skin symptoms- Individuals with nail psoriasis often experience skin lesions or symptoms in other areas, such as red, scaly patches on the scalp, elbows, or knees.

Causes

The exact cause of nail psoriasis is yet to be ascertained, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The immune system’s overactivity triggers inflammation, leading to the development of nail psoriasis. Some common trigger factors that can worsen nail psoriasis are listed below.

• Genetic predisposition- A family history of psoriasis increases the likelihood of developing nail psoriasis.
• Trauma or injury – Injury to the nail or nail bed can trigger or worsen nail psoriasis symptoms.
• Infections – Bacterial or fungal infections in or around the nails can aggravate the condition.

Treatment

While there is no cure for nail psoriasis, various treatment options can effectively manage the symptoms and improve the appearance and health of the nails. Some treatment approaches health experts often suggest for nail psoriasis are listed below.

• Phototherapy – Controlled exposure to ultraviolet light, such as narrowband UVB or PUVA, can help improve nail psoriasis symptoms.
• Prescription remedies – Certain prescription treatments help manage the buildup under the nails, thickening nails, nail ridges, and separating nails.
• Nail care techniques – Regularly trimming and filing the nails, avoiding trauma or injury, and maintaining proper nail hygiene can help manage symptoms.

Understanding the symptoms and trigger factors of nail psoriasis is crucial for effective treatment and improved quality of life. With timely treatment, individuals can effectively manage the condition, minimize its impact on nail health, and experience relief from symptoms. However, it is pertinent to note that treatments may vary from one patient to another; therefore, it is important to consult a dermatologist or healthcare professional to determine the most suitable treatment plan for you.