Back pain most commonly occurs due to strain or injury to muscles or tendons in the back. It may also happen as a result of certain health conditions or diseases. It is one of the most common causes of disability across the world. Most people suffer back pain at some point in life, and the ache can range from mild to severe. Read here to know what is causing your lower back pain.

Back pain – Signs and symptoms
The signs and symptoms of back pain can appear suddenly or gradually and may include:

Dull ache or shooting pain
The first symptom of back pain is having a dull ache or shooting pain. This may make it difficult to stand or move. The pain may even worsen after prolonged sitting or standing.

Pain radiating from the hips or sciatica
Some people may also experience stinging pain from the low back to the thighs, lower legs, and feet, a condition called sciatica. One may also experience numbness or tingling in the legs or feet.

Stiffness
A person suffering from back pain may find it tough to move or straighten their back after a period of inactivity.

Muscle spasms
The strain can cause muscle spasms in the lower back, pelvis, and hips.

Back pain – Causes
Some of the common causes of back pain are:

Muscle strain
Back pain can be caused as a result of strain on a muscle or tendon.

Muscle sprain
Any activity that involves lifting or pulling a heavy object or twisting the spine can cause muscle sprain.

Herniated disc
Aging or injuries can make the spine’s vertebrae break down and irritate a nearby root nerve, a condition known as a herniated disc.

Degenerative disc disease
Aging can cause the spinal disc to degenerate over time resulting in pain.

Fractures
Fractures can cause the bones in the spine to break, causing sudden pain.

Spondylosis
This condition may cause the vertebra in the spine to slip out of place.

Spinal stenosis
Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal that results in pressure on the spinal cord and spinal nerves.

Autoimmune diseases
Back pain is also associated with autoimmune conditions such as arthritis, lupus, Crohn’s disease, fibromyalgia, and spondylitis.

Back pain – Treatment
Mild back pain usually improves with rest, but one can try back pain remedies to feel more comfortable. These include:

Heat or cold therapy
Heat packs can help increase blood flow and relax tense muscles. Ice or cold compress can reduce swelling and temporarily relieve the pain.

Physical therapy
Physical therapy, like stretching or strengthening exercises, can also help decrease back pain.

Surgical treatment
A doctor may recommend surgery for people with severe back pain interfering with their daily life.

Complementary and alternative treatments
Spinal manipulation is performed by chiropractors or osteopathic doctors. These professionals use their hands to align the spine to reduce back pain. Acupuncture is also an option.

Lifestyle changes
Certain foods to help with back pain include anti-inflammatory foods such as:

Tuna, salmon, and mackerel
Blueberries and strawberries
Dark leafy vegetables
Legumes
Nuts and seeds
Olive oil
Spices and herbs such as ginger, turmeric, garlic
Rosemary

Low-impact aerobic exercises can also help increase blood flow and reduce discomfort.

Getting enough sleep also aids in improving back pain.